I stand beneath the gathering thunderstorm — an understorm — and wonder on my own intrinsic lightning. There is an invisible gradual heightening like a tingle through the veins; the blood pumps richly out and thinly in again, again; as if somewhere for my part a decisive gale brewed. There are dark clouds too in my interior counter-weather. No doubt stars are concealed behind their dense-opaque cover, but now I don’t see them, whatever their glow might mean. Vaguely, I feel that first flash preparing to discharge and here exactly is the long-drawn-out apprehension: just where o where this time will the jagged spark strike home?
Two trials of immense historical significance are currently taking place in Hong Kong, one dealing with forty-seven democrats who took part in an unofficial primary election in 11-12 July 2020, and one involving the editors of 立場新聞 Stand News, who have been accused of publishing “seditious” material on their on-line newspaper. In a very real sense, democracy and freedom of speech are on trial here, and what the gruelling court process will eventually reveal to us is exactly what lengths the Chinese will go to criminalize all aspects of political expression incompatible with dictatorship.
A YouTube channel called 法庭線 The Witness has been uploading clear, concise reports in Cantonese on both trials, and I have found them useful for making sense of what is going on. If you rely on the English-language media for your information, you may find that my rough translations of this material complement what appears on the Hong Kong Free Presswebsite and elsewhere. If you do read Chinese, you may also find the detailed reports on the 獨立媒體 Inmedia website of great interest, especially with the verbatim transcriptions of various comments made by judges, legal representatives and the defendants. To date, to my surprise, there have been many moments of laughter during the trial of the forty-seven democrats, and some intriguing quibbles over the translation of certain words and phrases offered by the official legal interpreter.
You can watch the video here (subtitles in Standard Written Chinese only).
● 其後 keih4 hauh6 = later | ● 受審 sauh6 sam2 = to stand trial; to be tried; to be on trial | ● 涉及 sip3 kahp6 = to involve; to relate to | ● 審訊 sam2 seun3 = to interrogate; to try | ● 罪成 jeuih6 sihng4 = (?) to establish a person’s guilt | ● 刑罰 yihng4 faht6 = a penalty; a punishment | ● 參與 cham1 yuh5 = to participate in; to have a hand in | ● 首要分子 sau2 yiu3 fan1 ji2 = major culprit; ringleader | ● 判囚 pun3 chauh4 = (?) to be sentenced to prison | ● 禁閉刑罰 gam3 baih6 yihng4 faht6 = (?) “confinement penalty” | ● 陪審團 puih4 sam2 tyuhn4 = jury | ● 指定 ji2 dihng6 = to designate | ● 審理 sam2 leih5 = to try; to hear | ● 預計 yuh6 gai3 = to anticipate; to predict| ● 審期 sam2 keih4 = roughly, “the trial period” | ● 呈堂chihng4 tohng4 = ? cf. 呈堂證供 = sworn evidence | ● 證物 jing3 maht6 = evidence | ● 論壇 leuhn6 taahn4 = forum | ● 競選 gihng6 syun2 = to enter into an election contest; to campaign for (office); to run for| ● 宣傳片syun1 chyuhn4 pin3*2 = roughly, “publicity/promotional video”| ● 透露 tau3 lauh6 = to divulge; to leak; to disclose; to reveal
2020 Democrats’ Primary Elections | 47 Democratic Figures | Later Accused of the Crime of Conspiring to Subvert State Power
Caption: The 16 Defendants who Pleaded Not Guilty
The sixteen defendants who pleaded not guilty are about to stand trial. This will be the first trial related to the crime of conspiring to subvert state power. According to the National Security Law, once guilt is established [一旦罪成], there are three levels of punishment depending on the degree of involvement [參與程度].
Caption: [For] a major culprit or ringleader: more than 10 years or up to a lifetime’s imprisonment | [For] an active participant: 3 to 10 years imprisonment | [For] other participants: less than 3 years imprisonment or confinement [禁閉刑罰]
In the most serious [cases], one can be sentenced to more than 10 years or up to a lifetime’s imprisonment. There is no jury for this trial. It will be heard by three high court judges designated by the National Security Law: Andrew Chan Hing-wai, Johnny Chan Jong-herng and Alex Lee Wan-tang. The trial is expected to last for approximately 90 days. The prosecution earlier indicated that video footage of the primary election forums and promotional videos from individuals contesting the election will be used as evidence. They also revealed that three of the defendants who pleaded guilty will give evidence as accomplice witnesses.
● 判刑 pun3 yihng4 = to sentence | ● 被捕 beih6 bouh6 = be under arrest| ● 開審 hoi1 sam2 = to hold a court hearing | ● 歷時 lihk6 sih4 = to last (a period of time); to take (a period of time) | ● 拘捕 keui1 bouh6 = to arrest | ● 案件 [ng]on3 gin6*2 = a case | ● 獲准保釋 wohk6 jeun2 bou2 sik1 = roughly, “to secure approval to be bailed” | ● 警署 jing2 chyuh5 = police station | ● 落案 lohk6 [ng]on3 = to lay a charge against | ● 總裁判官 jung2 choih4 pun3 gun1 = chief magistrate | ● 律政司 leuht6 jing3 si1 = the Department of Justice | ● 隨即 cheuih4 jik1 = immediately; presently | ● 覆核 fuk1 haht6 = to check | ● 依例 yi1 laih6 = (?) in compliance with the rules | ● 收押 sau1 ngaat3 = to detain
As for the thirty-one defendants who have pleaded guilty, they will not be sentenced until after those who pleaded not guilty have been tried. For the forty-seven people in the case, it has been more that two years from the time of their arrest to the holding of the court hearing.
Caption: [Video] clips from various individuals’ Facebook pages
In January 2021, the National Security Department of the Hong Kong Police Force arrested fifty-five democrats. It is the case with the largest number of arrests since the implementation of the National Security Law. They were afterwards granted bail, but within less than two months, they were notified by the National Security Department that they were required to report earlier than expected to [their nearest] police station. After that, forty-seven people were charged, accused [起訴] of the crime of conspiring to subvert state power. After a marathon hearing for applications for bail lasting around forty hours [held] over four days, Chief Magistrate Victor So Wai-tak, a judge designated by the National Security Law, approved fifteen applications. The Department of Justice immediately asked for a review [提出覆核]. [In compliance with the rules] the magistrate had to keep everyone in detention.
● 撤銷 chit3 siu1 = to cancel; to revoke | ● 審視 sam2 sih6 = to examine | ● 獲批 wohk6 pai1 = (?) to be approved | ● 被指 beih6 ji2 = (?) to be accused of | ● 違反 waih4 faan2 = to violate; to infringe | ● 擔保 daam1 bou2 = to guarantee; to vouch for; to assure; to ensure
One day later, the Department of Justice cancel [its request for] a review of four of the people who applied for bail. The remaining eleven people were examined by the High Court designated judge Esther Toh Lye-ping. She approved bail for seven of them. Later, the defendants who remained in detention successfully applied for bail to the High Court.
Caption: Thirteen people are granted bail
Up until the trial began, of the forty-seven people, a total of thirteen of them have been on bail. Before they were granted bail, there were those who were detained for one day, and those who had been detained for 292 days. The other thirty-four people are still in detention. Of these, Winnie Yu Wai-ming and Owen Chow Ka-shing were granted bail for a time, but were later accused of violating their bail conditions. Their bail [擔保] was revoked. They have been in detention for nearly 500 days. The thirty-two other people, [including] Benny Tai Yiu-ming, Au Nok-hin and Andrew Chiu Ka-yin, have already been in detention for more than 700 days.
I still think of you as George Emerson running naked rings around the Sacred Lake with Freddy and Mr Beebe, so refuse to believe you now lie lost beneath an avalanche of snow — quiet — unthinking all that you meant to be human.
To find more clues about her birth father — an enigmatic painter — 阿綠 Ah Luk was all set to make the trip out to Cheung Chau. At the last moment, however, she scrapped her plans, succumbing to the doubt that 陳之一 Chan Chi-yat had planted in her mind: What happens if the father you have so vividly imagined turns out to be impossibly different in real life? The trip goes ahead nevertheless, with the ever-considerate Ah Luk thinking that a day-visit to the “dumbbell island” will help her friend get over his recent trauma sustained during clashes between police and protesters at Sha Tin’s New Town Plaza. Cheung Chau’s four Tin Hau Temples will surely bring some healing to his bruised body and soul . . .
If you’re a struggling, aspiring artist, you may find both consolation and enlightenment in this video about Hong Kong singer-songwriter 方皓玟 Charmaine Fong. For four years, she struggled away, working with two musicians to write hundreds of songs, and living for the most part on cheap restaurant food just to keep body and soul together. Yet she looks back on this time in steep-streeted 西營盤 Sai Ying Pun with great affection, because, as she declares:
我覺得作為一個創作人 | 其實係好需要一個艱難嘅時期 | 去俾自己學習 | 喺從中裏邊建立自己好多嘅價值觀呀 I think that, to be a creative person, you very much need, in fact, a difficult period, in which you give yourself [the chance] to learn, and in the course of which many of your own personal values are established.
Sai Ying Pun itself is credited by Fong has happening an energy conducive to creative work. On the one hand, it has all kinds of traditional Chinese shops, including 紙紮店 jí2 jaat3 dim3 — a store that sells goods made out of paper mainly used to make offerings to the dead. On the other, there are many Western-style coffee shops and places where you can buy organic produce. This eclectic hybrid vibe is described by Fong with the very neat phrase 中西交融 jūng1 sāi1 gāau1 yùhng4 = roughly, “a fusion of China and the West”.
If you have an interest in the magnificent Cantonese language, there some wonderful things you can take away from this consummately polished 1822hk production. Firstly, it reminds us that the fairly common character 跌 diht6 meaning “to fall” has a second pronunciation tit3 in the compound 跌打, a kind of traditional Chinese medicine that specializes in sprains, bruises and fractures resulting from falls.
Secondly, at 1:00, Fong uses the expression 大大話話 daaih6 daaih6 waah6 waah6, an idiom that means “a rough estimate, roughly, without exaggeration”. To be honest, this is the first time I have actually heard this phrase in use, so it was a bit of a Columbus moment for me, as it might be for you too.
Other worthwhile vocabulary items from this video include: 幕後 mohk6 hauh6 = behind the scenes; behind closed doors; 夾 gaap3 = (?) to get on well; to be on the same wavelength; 填詞 tìhm4 chìh4 = to fill in words to fit a given tune; 碟頭飯dihp6 tàuh4 faahn6 = food with rice on a plate; 感受 gám2 sauh6 = to experience; to feel; 價值觀 gaa3 jihk6 gūn1 = values; 斜路 che3 lóu6*2 = a slope; 慳錢 hāan1 chin4*2 = to save money (by limiting spending); the very Cantonese 發吽哣 faat3 ngauh6 dauh6 = daydreaming; staring blankly (also 發吽豆); and 歎 taan3 = to enjoy; to seek pleasure in.
The characters in Fong’s name (a stage-name, of course) tell a whole story in themselves and reveal something about her creative orientation. The unusual surname 方 Fōng1 has the basic meaning of “square”, but it can also mean “upright; honest”, as in the written expression 品行方正 bán2 hahng6 fōng1 jing3, “to have an upright character”. The first character in her personal name can be analysed into two parts, 白 baaahk6 = “white” and 告 gou3 = “to tell”. Combined like this they become 皓 houh6, which means “white; bright; luminous”, a character often used to describe the rather disparate entities of teeth and the moon! Finally, the very rare 玟 màhn4 — made up of 玉 yuhk6 (“jade”) and 文 màhn4 (“literature; writing”) — translates as “gem; streaks in jade” and appears for the most part in female names. At the end of the video, when you hear Fong say 希望喺自己創作裏便 | 唔好回避，能夠坦白咁講出大家嘅心聲 (“I hope that in what I create I don’t avoid [issues], and that I can speak out honestly about what we’re all feeling inside”), you will be reminded at once of the “plain telling” encapsulated in the single word 皓 . . .
You can watch the video here (subtitles in Standard Written Chinese only). If you’re interested in listening to some of Charmaine Fong’s music, you can peruse the contents of her YouTube channel here.
● 外界 ngoih6 gaai3 = outside; external | ● 交融 gāau1 yùhng4 = to blend; to mingle | ● 啱得咁橋 ngāam1 dāk1 gam3 kíu42 (?) = just by chance; as it happens | ● 淵源 yūn1 yùhn4 = a source | ● 幕後 mohk6 hauh6 = behind the scenes; behind closed doors; backstage; offstage; backroom; in the background | ● 奮鬥 fáhn5 dau3 = to struggle; to fight; to strive | ● 夾 gaap3 = (?) to get on well; to be on the same wavelength | ● 團隊 tyùhn4 déui6*2 = a team | ● 主力 jyú2 lihk6 = main force | ● 填詞 tìhm4 chìh4 = to fill in words to fit a given tune
I think that all along the outside world [外界] has recognized that the projects of Charmaine Fong are a very “Hong Kong” affair, and have always been about the society or the community. Sai Yung Pun is precisely a place in which China and the West are blended in a very obvious way and, as it happens, this area [呢一度] has been a major source [for] my own road [to] musical creativity.
Caption: 18 / Community Stories
After I came back from Taiwan in 2003, I was totally intent on working behind the scenes [做幕後]. Later, quite by chance, I got to know Ah Chong Ki and Edmond (Tsang Yik-man). They had a studio in Centre Street at that time. I used to call it “the Struggle Room”. Originally, they came to me to sing on some demos. In the end, I felt we got on pretty well, so wanted to do some things together. I decided to join the team. The main force of the three of us was creativity. They would compose melodies and I would write the lyrics to them and sing on the demos. As I recall . . .
● 大大話話 daaih6 daaih6 waah6 waah6 = a rough estimate, roughly, without exaggeration | ● 推出 tēui1 chēut = to release | ● 大碟 daih6 díp6*2 = album; LP | ● 出道 chēut1 douh6 = serve out one’s apprenticeship and start one’s career| ● 公式 gūng1 sīk1 = formulaic | ● 碟頭飯dihp6 tàuh4 faahn6 = food with rice on a plate | ● 迫埋 bīk1 màaih4 = (?) to squeeze up close together | ● 冧把 lām1 báa2 = number | ● 呢一度 nī1 yāt1 douh6 = (?) here; in this place | 卌呀幾 sei3 aah6 gei2 = 40-odd; 40 and a bit more | ● 大餐 daaih6 chāan1 = banquet, feast, a special meal or dish
. . . we really did write several hundred songs here, more or less. This phase of struggle lasted, in fact, for a whole four years. When you first start writing songs, you can write a hundred of them but only make use of a few of them [都唔會中幾首]. Nevertheless, you must go on doing your best to write them. So, this period of time had a really profound influence on my future creativity.
In 2006, the album We Welcome You [《歡迎光臨》] was released. All the songs on it were written during this time. As it happened, it was at that time that my apprenticeship in Hong Kong came to an end. There were many things that I learnt all over again. The songs were written with those two collaborators. At the time, we felt very poor, but very fulfilled [好充實]. Life at that time was very formulaic, very regimented [公式化] — every day we would go back [to work] constantly creating [music]. After a day of toil, we would go downstairs to the Luen Wah Café to eat a plate of food with rice, all three of us squeezing up together. All the food plates there had a number on them, so we called this “prison food”. If we went to the Nice Restaurant instead, we’d eat Western food. A meal costing 40 plus dollars was like a banquet to me.
● 維持 wàih4 chìh4 = to keep; to maintain; to preserve| ● 生計 sāng1 gai3 = means of livelihood; livelihood | ● 志向 ji3 heung3 = aspiration; ideal; ambition | ● 感受 gám2 sauh6 = to experience; to feel | ● 掙扎 jāng1 jaat3 = to struggle | ● 認同 yihng6 tùhng4 = to approve | ● 價值觀 gaa3 jihk6 gūn1 = values | ● 穩定 wán2 dihng6 = stable; steady | ● 商鋪 sēung1 pou3 = a shop | ● 跌打tit3 dáa2 = bone setting; Die-da or Tieh-ta; traditional Chinese medicine specialized in injuries from falls, fractures, contusions and strains | ● 紙紮jí2 jaat3 = (?) paper offerings; bundled paper products (for the dead) | ● 棺材 gūn1 chòih4 = a coffin
Back in those days, I basically had no capacity to bring in any money back home with me. I could only earn enough to support myself. The aspiration was very clear: to go off to the studio every day and work. For this reason, [I] collected [儲埋] a lot of experiences. We kept going with this feeling of unrelenting struggle — a creative unit made up of three unknown [individuals] — gradually fighting and striving to get some recognition from the market. I thank my lucky stars [感謝] that I met those two [Ah Chong Ki and Edmond Tsang] on my return from Taiwan, because they gave me a very beautiful time in which to grow. I think that, to be a creative person, you very much need, in fact, a difficult period, in which you give yourself [the chance] to learn, and in the course of which many of your own personal values are established. Your aspirations also become more stable.
Actually, I grew up on a housing estate. At the same time, I went overseas to study, coming under the influence of Western culture. As it happens, there are many different kinds of shops in this place, Sai Ying Pun: bone setting shops, shops that sell tea, flower shops, paper-goods shops, shops [which sell] coffins. Here you can find all these old[-style] shops.
● 中西交融 jūng1 sāi1 gāau1 yùhng4 = roughly, “a fusion of China and the West” | ● 斜路 che3 lóu62 = a slope | ● 爆發期 baau3 faat3 kèih4 = ? cf. 爆發 = to erupt; to burst out; to break out | ● 供樓 gūng1 láu42 = mortgage | ● 慳錢 hāan1 chin4*2 = to save money (by limiting spending) | ● 甜餐包 tihm4 chāan1 bāau1 = (?) sweet plain bun
At the same time, there are many foreign Western-style cafes. There are also many organic stores. I find it extremely interesting, the feeling of this fusion of China and the West. Because I had a family by then, and all the hill-slopes were hard on small children, I then moved away. [That time spent] in Centre Street was an important phase in the break-out period [爆發期] of my endeavours [事業]. For instance, when I was shooting [the film] Mad World, I played the part of Jenny. She was a woman who lived on bread to save money to pay off her mortgage. I tried to live the role of Jenny in my own life. For those two months, I ate buns here every day, without a break. There is a bakery in First Street (Catherine Bakery). They were selling sweet plain buns for two dollars. Back then, I’d buy a bun [there] every day and take it off to work with me. I grew the role of Jenny together with the older fellow [伯伯] [who worked] in the bakery.
The songs “Break-ups Always Happen on Rainy Days”, “You Are Your Own Legend” and “What If the World Wasn’t as You Expected” were all created in Sai Ying Pun. I remember that when I wrote “[You Are Your Own] Legend”, I did it in the café downstairs . . .
● 文昌位 màhn4 chēung1 wái6*2 = wen chang location, a feng-shui position said to create active qi that energizes the brain, making it useful for thinkers, writers and students | ● 獨居 duhk6 gēui1 = to live in solitude | ● 發吽哣 faat3 ngauh6 dauh6 = daydreaming; staring blankly (also 發吽豆) | ● 歎 taan3 = to enjoy; to seek pleasure in | ● 工車 gūng1 chē1 = work vehicle; company car
. . . because the place next door was renovating and it was very noisy. In Bonham Road there used to be an eating place called Czarina — it has now become [a branch of] Centaline Property. Back in those days, I wrote the lyrics [to “Legend”] there. After writing a verse, the writing for the rest of the song came very easily. To me, that place was a creative wen chang location in Sai Ying Pun.
Living alone was my happy time, because you could focus on writing things and on reading. In those days I knew a lot of writers whom I counted as friends. Every day when I got back home I would read their books — I had a strong sense of their spirit being with me. In spare moments I would read religious scriptures or do some gardening. Or I would stare up at the ceiling day-dreaming. In my view, if a person could spend her whole life like this, she would be happy in the extreme. This is what I would call “savouring” life. In those days when I was filming, a company car would come and pick me up.
● 黑猛猛 hāk1 māng1 māng1 = pitch black, very dark | ● 幕前 mohk6 chìhn4 = lit. “in front of the curtains” | ● 回應 wùih4 ying3 = to respond | ● 回避 wùih4 beih6 = to evade; to dodge; to avoid | ● 心聲 sām1 sēng1 (or sīng1) = heartfelt wishes; aspiration; thinking | ● 接觸 jip3 jūk1 = to come into contact with; to get in touch with
I would get my make-up done and then start work. Then I’d be taken home after work. I have to walk up a pitch-black stairway. All the electric wiring was in a mess. There was so much dust that no one wiped away. To me it felt as if I had been transported from a multi-coloured tunnel out in front of the curtains back to real life, reminding me that this was where I was from. It was also a very down-to-earth way of living. Back in those days, when I was living here and got hungry, I would go downstairs and across to Ying Kee Noodles on the other side of the road for a bowl of lean char siu with noodles. Everything there is very authentic. It’s only when you are very down-to-earth as a person that you can experience what other people are experiencing. In my view, the more complex society becomes, the more themes I have to write about, actually, because creativity [means] responding to society. The more that happens, the more experiences I have that I want to share. I hope that in what I create I don’t avoid [issues], and that I can speak out honestly about what we’re all feeling inside [大家嘅心聲].
I’m really very fond of Sai Ying Pun because I think there is contact between one person and another.
● 守望相助 sáu2 mohng6 sēung1 joh6 = (of neighbouring villages) keep watch and help defend each other; give mutual help & protection | ● 福地 fūk1 deih6 = a paradise; a lucky place; a good feng-shui place
There is a kind of . . . Back when I was a little girl in Hong Kong, there was that atmosphere of people looking out for one another. There was interchange throughout the community. I like the power it has given me, and the influence it has on what I write in my songs. Much of the time, I talk about people, as well as human nature and emotions. To this day, I continue to think that Sai Ying Pun has been a paradise for my creativity.
Chinaman Creek 